Assessment Details – 2500 word essay
Guidance / Brief: One essay on differing approaches to social science research, chosen one from the
following essay questions:
1. Compare and contrast the methodological and theoretical approaches of two different pieces
of social science research exploring the same topic/issue.
2. Critically evaluate the use of quantitative methodologies within the social sciences. Include
examples of social science research in your answer.
3. Critically evaluate the use of qualitative methodologies within the social sciences. Include
examples of social science research in your answer.
This piece of work is designed to demonstrate the following learning outcomes:
• Knowledge of the strengths and limitations of different methodological approaches.
• The ability to identify and evaluate different research techniques.
• The ability to discuss and evaluate research findings.
• The ability to present theoretically informed discussions.
What to Include
• A well structured and coherent argument
• Discussion of the key issues related to the question
• Demonstration of in depth thinking about the topic in relation to the overall themes of the
course
• Interpretation and thoughtful discussion of the material you present
• Demonstration of wide reading
• Complete referencing of sources throughout, preferably following the Harvard format,
including a full reference list at the end of the piece.
What to Avoid
• Submitting an assignment that is significantly under or over the prescribed word limit
• Description without any analysis or interpretation
• Including irrelevant material in relation to the question
• Out of date, inappropriate or unreliable sources of information
• Giving personal opinions without justifying them with reference to evidence

Research Essay #3: This essay is a research essay of at least 1000 words on one of the assigned topics at the end of this assignment sheet. The thesis statement for this essay must include the verb phrase ‘should’ or ‘should not’ or ‘must’ or ‘must not.’ No exceptions!

The essay must include two quotes from each of five sources for a total of ten in-text citations, and the quotes must correctly use MLA. Each paragraph must include two quotes correctly cited and sources must be listed in the Works Cited, which should be the last page of the essay. Study MLA and use it correctly.

Source Requirements

For your final essay, you must use the full-text, peer-reviewed journal articles you retrieved during your Galileo research to defend your stance in your argumentation essay. Periodicals are not acceptable.

Composition Requirements

Your essay must have at least five well-developed paragraphs.

It must have between 1000 – 1200 words.

The introduction must have an attention-getting hook and effectively introduce your thesis statement, the LAST sentence of the introduction.

Your thesis should have the verb phrase ‘should’ or ‘should not’ or ‘must’ or ‘must not.’ (Example: The college should establish an on-campus daycare because it would provide a real-world learning lab for its Early Childhood Education (ECE) students, offer both day and evening students and faculty a convenient child care option, and provide the ECE program and the college with an additional source of revenue.)

Each body paragraph must have an easily identifiable topic sentence (generally the first or second sentence of the body paragraph), substantial major and minor details, and transitional words or phrases indicative of the rhetorical strategy you have chosen.

(Remember; each rhetorical strategy has its own set of common transitional words or phrases.) While you must indicate in your heading which rhetorical strategy you chose, I should have no problem determining the rhetorical strategy as I read.

You must format your essay using MLA style.

Be sure to use one-inch margins all the way around (Word default), true double spacing throughout your entire document, Times New Roman, 12 point font size, and an inserted page number, not header, preceded by your last name and one space.

The in-text citation must correspond to a full source citation included on a work(s) cited page.

The sources on your works cited page must be organized is alphabetical order based on the first author’s last name.

Select one of the required topics below. No other topics are accepted for this essay.
1. The government should or should not be allowed to wiretap (electronically surveil) citizens without permission.
2. Parents should or should not be held responsible when their children break laws.
3. The U. S. should or should not have mandatory military conscription for all citizens up to the age of 21.
4. A national database should or should not be implemented to track controlled substances.
5. Wages should or should not be taxed.
6. Medical records should or should not be confidential.
7. Educational loans should or should not be interest free.
8. Free healthcare should/should not be provided for all senior citizens with incomes below $100,000 income per year.
9. Pornography should or should not be censored.
10. Trophy hunting should or should not be banned.

Everyone has a little bit of road rage, especially here in Houston where we have a special blend of city and highway driving that creates a perfect storm for hectic driving conditions. So what I want to know on this paper is what specific things do other drivers do that really tick you off. (Maximum of 2 examples, please) Then, please research and cite the specific Texas laws that pertain to your chosen example. Is the traffic issue you’re describing illegal, inconsiderate, unsafe, etc? Explain why. Is that a just law? Should it be removed? Why or why not?

Or, if you’d rather take it from another angle, maybe you got a citation for a driving violation that you don’t believe was a violation. Explain what the ticket was for, what law was supposedly violated, and why you didn’t violate it. Or if you did violate it, explain why its enforcement is unjust.

This data was taken from the department of transportation statistics.
http://transtats.bts.gov/DL_SelectFields.asp?Table_ID=236&DB_Short_Name=On-Time

DEP_DELAY: Difference in minutes between scheduled and actual departure time. Early departures show negative numbers.

Year DAY_OF_MONTH DAY_OF_WEEK DEP_Delay
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 6
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -13
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -23
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -21
2015 13 2 22
2015 13 2 15
2015 13 2 20
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 16
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 22
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 14
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -18
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 20
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -22
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 10
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -13
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 24
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -13
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -13
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 10
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 17
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -21
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 6
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -21
2015 13 2 21
2015 13 2 -23
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 6
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 20
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 12
2015 13 2 23
2015 13 2 -25
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 10
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 14
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -18
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 19
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -24
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 21
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 11
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 19
2015 13 2 -17
2015 13 2 23
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 13
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 10
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 19
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 13
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 17
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 4
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 12
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -15
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 1
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -11
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 5
2015 13 2 7
2015 13 2 -13
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -14
2015 13 2 -7
2015 13 2 18
2015 13 2 18
2015 13 2 14
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -21
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 -4
2015 13 2 3
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 6
2015 13 2 10
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -9
2015 13 2 17
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -19
2015 13 2 9
2015 13 2 -3
2015 13 2 -16
2015 13 2 -1
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 17
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -2
2015 13 2 0
2015 13 2 8
2015 13 2 -5
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -12
2015 13 2 -10
2015 13 2 13
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -8
2015 13 2 -6
2015 13 2 -4

1. Find the appropriate measure of center. Discuss why the chosen measure is most appropriate. Why did you decide against other possible measures of center?

2. Find the appropriate measure of variation. The measure of variation chosen here should match the measure of center chosen in Part 1.

3. Find the graph(s) needed to appropriately describe the data. These may be done by hand and inserted into the Word document.

4. Define a random variable (X) so that your chosen data set represents values of X.

5. Is your chosen random variable discrete or continuous? Explain how you know.

6. Would the Normal or Binomial distribution be a good fit for the underlying sample distribution of X? If one of them is a good fit, state how you would approximate the distribution parameters.

7. Calculate the probability that a flight will depart early or on-time.

8. Calculate the probability that a flight will arrive late.

9. Calculate the probability that a flight departs late or arrives early.

10. Assume now that the random variable X=Arrival Time is exactly normally distributed with mean m= -2.5 and standard deviation s= 23. Compute the probability of a flight arriving late based on this new information. Does this contradict your answer from Part 8?

All calculations must be performed in Excel. The Excel file must be submitted as part of the report. Pls, email me the excel calculations.

Write a brief description of 500 words of the data set including the discussion required in the points above.

– Very few elected officials in America have professional training in science or technology. Does this inhibit the effective governance of science and technology?
– Do you think that the American government would be substantially different if most senators and congresspersons previously worked and scientists or engineers instead of lawyers, as is the case today?
– Should it be a requirement to serve on science and technology committees?
– Find an example of a piece of legislation or political movement that was wrongly founded on the misunderstanding of basic science and technology. Give a brief background. Should this movement/bill been supported or unsupported?
– How will this continue to affect our country’s rank in science and technological development in the future, should this model of governance continue?

write an 8 page paper with at least 5 references from peer reviewed journals (references should support the critique that you make) and critique at least 4 assessment instruments that they will use as counselors which will be;

-Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
-California Psychological Inventory (CIP)
-Rorschach Inkblot Test
-Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventories
(I added these from the textbook as images)

I want the critiques to have a focus on the culture and if assessment is useful for every client based on their cultural background. Things like language and translation errors might be some of the issues to focus on. If applicable, comparison between how the assessments might be useful on western cultures as opposed to collectivistic cultures. How do these affect the counselor’s decision on diagnosis?

Write a 3-5 page essay on one of the paper topics below. In this paper, you should discuss one moral theory (see list below) and apply it to any contemporary moral problem (see list below) which we have discussed in the course. You should incorporate into your paper some key ideas and central points made by at least two readings (one for the reasons portion, one for the objections portion; this may include the reading that supports your moral theory, i.e. cite Aristotle for Virtue Theory) which have been assigned; parenthetical notation will be sufficient for citing any sources contained in our textbook. Outside sources not required, but if used, must be properly cited. If no outside sources are used, then no bibliography is needed. Outside sources not required.

In developing your paper, take a stance on one of the below topics. Then, pick two theories that you think you could apply to support your position. IMPORTANT: You also need to include a paragraph regarding any potential OBJECTION to your position, then counter the objection in a following, separate paragraph. If you’d like (though not required), you can label your paragraphs to help keep you and your paper focused in a logical, easy-to-read format: Introduction, Reason 1, Reason 2, Objection, Reply to Objection, Conclusion.

Paper format: typed, double-spaced, 12-point font Times Roman, with one inch margins and pages numbered. Please underline your thesis statement in the first paragraph.

Paper Topics
1. Abortion
2. Euthanasia
3. World Hunger
4. Terrorism
5. Torture
6. Capital Punishment
7. Pornography
8. Animal Rights
9. The Environment
10. Affirmative Action
Moral Theories
1. Ethical Egoism
2. Stoicism
3. Divine Command Theory
4. Epicureanism
5. Virtue Ethics
6. Ethics of Care
7. Deontology (Kantianism)
8. Utilitarianism
9. Social Contract Theory

What i need is the Powerpoint with 12 slides

Choose one National Park in the World
1) introducing a selected national park regarding its history, current situation, mission statement/goals, employment/internship opportunities, etc.;2) visiting national park and interviewing with a member of management team 3) identifying the location, target market, management concept, service, organization structure of its management team, responsibility of each department, marketing strategy, competitors, etc.; 4) analyzing and criticizing the above elements and discuss whether those elements support each other and the concept of the management; 5) Writing a thank you letter to the person whom you interview with. 6) An introduction video source (website) of the selected hospitality business must be pasted to the beginning of your presentation slides.

Read the following case and prepare a REPORT of five pages, double-spaced, typed using Times New Roman (Font Size 12) with one inch margin on all four sides. If you use more than 5 pages and/or use different font size/format, one letter grade will be deducted from your grade (10% point).
a. You should use MLA or APA format. I have no preference for either of them.
b. Include a cover page with your name and affiliation. Please note that this is not counted towards the five pages limit.
c. If you want to include references, you can do so and they are not counted in the five-pages limit.
d. Please do not RENARRATE THE CASE. I have read the case. What I am looking forward to is your analysis of the case by integrating the materials from the chapters (the case covers more than one chapter).
e. In preparing your paper, you should use appropriate citations from the textbook. Please do not quote verbatim from the text (e.g. “At its most basic level, strategy is a plan of action designed to achieve a particular set of objectives” (Pg. 47). This is a verbatim quote and unacceptable. If you write “Strategy involves development of a set of objectives and a plan to achieve them (Pg. 47) is acceptable.
f. I expect to see your analytical mind and thoughts and application of the concepts in the case analysis. That is, simply repeating the various concepts from the textbook (theories) will only get you a grade of F. I am looking forward to an application of your knowledge of the theories to analyze the given situation and make recommendations.
g. In preparing your report, highlight the important points (e.g., The firm follows a strategy of differentiation with a focus on upper-income group.).
h. You should provide suitable headings/subheadings in the preparation of report. Being an upper level course, I assume you have written several papers during the program and in your lower-level courses.
DEADLINE: See the schedule for the course.
LATE SUBMISSION: I don’t accept late submissions for any reasons, whatsoever! Period.
QUESTIONS
1. Critically evaluate the organization’s s t r a t e g y a n d s t r u c t u r e ( complexity, formalization, and centralization) in your answer. How does this structureseemtoaffectMs.Matthews’sbehavior?
2. There are four primary approaches to job design: mechanistic, biological, perceptual, and motivational. How might each approach be employedtobetterfitMs. Matthewswithherjob?
3. Using the Job Characteristics Model, describe the impact Ms. Matthews’s job design is having on her work motivation.
4. Suggest how the firm could redesign Ms. Matthews’s job so it would increase her work motivation. Ms. Matthews may decide to stay at H&H if a more flexible work environment is created for her. Describe some alternative ways her job could be redesignedfor greaterflexibility.
5. Describe how formalized training and/or employee development might help Ms. Matthews better fit her job at H&H.
6. How you would you assess Jane Sutton’s need for training and development? What training methods you would recommend given her actions in this case?
7. If Mr. Blake hired you as a consultant, summarize your recommendations based on the above six questions for which you found answers.
H&H Financial was founded in 1997 as a local insurance and investment consulting firm specializing in financial, estate, and retirement planning. The business started as a part-time consulting practice given Mr. Blake’s dissatisfaction with his full-time job working for a franchise office affiliated with a large insurance agency. Mr. Blake found that his agency’s focus on productivity and numbers precluded his ability to do what he really wanted to do for his clients: provide personalized service that they could trust. He wanted his clients to be faces, not names and numbers. He wanted to offer them the optimal products and services that would best fit their needs, not just the selling needs of a corporation hyping their latest product through their franchises.
Mr. Blake bid his time and learned “the ropes to skip and the ropes to know” about running an agency. He obtained several key financial and insurance licenses and professional certifications (CFP, CFA, CFT, CTEP, etc.) as well as financial product suppliers. When he had developed a sizable private client base, he opened H&H as an independent agency to replace his consulting practice.
The firm started with just Mr. Blake operating out of a cheap storefront, and he was quickly overwhelmed with the paperwork side of the business. Mr. Blake was great at selling and knew the product lines in and out, but he was not an expediter or comfort- able with details.
Mr. Blake’s solution was to hire a part-time administrative assistant to handle phone calls, deal with foot traffic (what little there was), and do some light computer work. Times were not easy, and Mr. Blake squeaked by on a very limited income.
Early Success Leads to Growth
Mr. Blake’s formula for success (personalized service) quickly caught on, and he found that he needed full-time assistance in order to help handle phone calls, pro- cess policies, and assist with claims. His office expanded quickly, and he replaced his one part-timer with three full-time employees who buffered him from the mun- dane paperwork and day-to-day office duties. He remained the sole agent providing sales and expert advice and counseling while the staff provided his clients with all of the support needed (processing bills or claims, answering questions about policies, etc.). His office staff consisted of one office staff person from Mr. Blake’s old agency (Ms. Jane Sutton) and Ms. Johnson and Mr. Hayes (two “raw” college graduates: Jen Johnson and Kenneth Hayes). For the most part they all worked independent of Mr. Blake.
Although Mr. Blake never gave any of them titles, job descriptions, or formal authority, it was clear to everyone that Ms. Sutton was the informal leader of the office given her expertise and prior experience in an insurance office. All three employees became flexible generalists, part of a self-managed work team. Work was parceled out through volunteerism and cooperation. Mr. Blake was proud that his team operated so well without his input.
As the business grew, Mr. Blake realized that he would need to bring in new agents (consultants) to help him deal with the increasing flow of customers, and there was just no place to put them in his small back office. Mr. Blake and his team moved into a newly renovated office complex, which had more offices, a main office area that could hold more employees, and a separate waiting area for his clients.
1 The name of the fi and the case characters have been disguised at the request of the fi s owner.
Mr. Blake hired one financial planner and one insurance agent so as to provide more salesandtechnicalexpertisetohisconsultingteam.Thenewassociatesworked outsowell andhisbusinessgrewsoquicklythatwithinthreemonths,threenewstaff people(allrecent
collegegraduates)hadtobehiredtohelpMs.Sutton,Ms.Johnson, andMr.Hayesmanage theadditionalworkload.DebbieMatthewswasoneofthe threenewemployeeshired.
The Birth of Departments and Continued Growth
The addition of these three new employees altered the structure of the company. As the office manager, Ms. Sutton still managed her two “old rookies” but made each one a supervisor. Jen Johnson became in charge of supplier relations and managed one new employee while Kenneth Hayes ran client relations and managed Ms. Mat- thews and another new employee (see Figure 1).
Ms. Sutton felt this new structure was highly efficient since it allowed Ms. Johnson and Mr. Hayes the time to develop their own expertise and familiarity with their specific focal group. These new department managers would handle the day-to-day work routine of their own department with their new staff while Ms. Sutton served as coordinator and in-house expert—the answer person. This structure also made the assignment and training of new office personnel much easier since each employee was allocated to one of the two departments where their supervisor would then pro- vide them with basic training within the department.
Mr. Blake was quite happy with Ms. Sutton’s work processes and procedures since it allowed him to concentrate on his clients and stay out of the office opera- tions. He could now work with his other specialist consultants to help locate new clients as well as new products and services. This was often voiced by Mr. Blake as a critical operational strategy for continuing to grow the business.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF H&H FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
At the department level, Mr. Hayes and Ms. Johnson made the work environ- ment fun,whichMs.Matthewsgreatlyappreciated.Ms.Sutton,however,wanted theofficeto have a more professional demeanor since she felt that H&H was now an established firm withexpertconsultantsonstaffwhoalsoseemedtonotappreci- atethehorseplayofthe office workers. For Ms. Sutton, maintaining an expert image became everything, and thereforeshewenttogreatstridestominimizeofficeantics (likewastebasketbasketball) and excessive chatter. Mr. Hayes and Ms. Johnson were not happy with the new rules but went along with them since they spent most of their time in their own work areas and away fromthebackofficewhereMs.Sutton stayedanddidmostofherwork.Thechangeinrules didcreatetensionbetweenthe newestemployees(includingMs.Matthews)andMs.Sutton. Ms.Matthewsquickly learnedthatshecouldjokearoundwithMr.HayesandMs.Johnson whenMs.Sut- tonwasoutofsightbuthadtobeonherbestbehaviorwhenMs.Suttonwas around orwhentheywentintothemanagementterritoryareaoftheoffice.
ThecompanywideinformalmonthlymeetingswithMr.Blake,whichhappened early oninthefirm’shistory,becameformalmonthlymeetingsjustwithMs.Sutton andallofher subordinates. The monthly meetings consisted of discussions of new products, services, clients, new procedures, and any outstanding problems that either department could not solve alone. These were open meetings, but rarely did anyone but Ms. Matthews raise questions, and these questions were always about work pro- cesses and procedures. Everyoneelse,includingthesupervisors,onlyspokewhenMs. Suttonspokedirectlytothem oraskedverygeneralquestionsaboutthegrowthplans of H&H.
With sustained success, the organization continued to grow, adding several more consultantsandbackofficestaffwhilekeepingthesamebasicorganizationalstruc- tureand workflow.Mr.Blakeonceagainneedednewofficespacetocontainhisfirm’s growingneeds.
Mr. Blake announced as part of his growth plan that he was conduct- ing preliminary inquiriesastoapossible“numbertwo”whowouldhandletheever- growingfunctionsof finance, accounting, and Human Resource Management—a job that Ms. Matthews quickly aspired to.
As H&H Grows, So Does Ms. Matthews’s Frustration
Asarecentcollegegraduateandsinglemother,Ms.Matthewswasexcitedwhenshe gotthe job working for H&H Financial as their Assistant Case Manager in the Cli- ent Relations Department. In her first month she quickly and eagerly learned all of her required duties andexecutedthemtothebestofherabilityandthereinreceived moreandmoredemanding work.
In her second month when they moved to a much larger office, Ms. Matthews felt that she had real opportunities for advancement and promotion. She thought, “As the firm grows,sowillI.”Shefeltthatshehadmadeanexcellentchoiceinavery toughjobmarket. ShewasawareofMr.Blake’spreliminarysearchforanAssistant Managerandthoughtthat aftershefinishedherMBAshewouldbetheperfectcan- didateonceshehadlearnedtheins and outs of the business.
Thosedreams,however,quicklybecameanightmare.Ms.Matthewsfoundthat after thefirstfewmonthsofworkingatH&HFinancial,herlearningcurvecameto acomplete and sudden halt. Ms. Matthews realized that jobs were very compart- mentalized, and theOfficeManagerJaneSuttondidnotwanttheemployeestolearn anythingmorethanthe bareminimumofwhattheirjobsintheirowndepartments requiredofthem.
Mr.Hayes,herimmediatesupervisor,wasveryhelpfulandsupportiveaboutthe workin his department, but when Ms. Matthews asked questions about interdepart- mental and
organizational processes, he deflected most of her questions, saying, “I’m why we do things this way; check with Ms. Sutton.” Ms. Sutton’s Matthews’s questions was always the same: “I’ll tell you what you
need to know when you need to know it . . . just do your job, do it well, and you’ll get along fine.”Ms.Matthewsthoughtthatperhapswithafewmoremonthsonthejob Ms.Sutton would learn to trust her more; but she couldn’t have been more wrong.
During her third monthly office meeting, Ms. Matthews became increasingly irate because her questions were still being answered by Ms. Sutton with “You don’t need to know that” or “You will never deal with that situation” or, worse, “That’s not your concern.” Ms. Matthews found that these were the answers to even the sim- plest of questionsdealingwiththemostessentialpartsofthebusinessoutsideofher department. ThisapproachmadeitdifficultforMs.Matthewstoproperlydoherjob becauseshedidnot see how her job related to the other jobs in the firm.
Ms. Matthews thought there was a clear lack of communication between the owner, Ms. Sutton, the two supervisors, and the lower-level employees and that this created slowdowns and gaps that bottlenecked the flow of the entire work process of the business. She also noticed that not only was her job compromised by this lack of knowledge, but also, in her opinion, was everybody else’s. All of her ques- tions regarding this matter were not only disregarded by Ms. Sutton but discour- aged as well. Ms. Matthews thought thatforsuchasmallbutfast-growingcompany, theoperationswouldrunmuchsmoother if all of the employees were aware and informed about each other’s jobs for they were all dependent and interrelated. Over- all Ms. Matthews felt that Ms. Sutton was overly controlling and excessively formal.
After several attempts to learn more about her job, Ms. Matthews was starting to lose motivation.Shefeltlikearobotthatwasprogrammedtodothesamethingday inandday out,anditwasstartingtoaffectthequalityofherwork.Shewassurprised anddisappointed tolearnthatshenolongercaredaboutherperformance,herjob, andthefirm.
In the meantime, the new large sitting area required the firm to hire a reception- ist who then handled walk-ins and who would also orient the new clients to all of the services provided by H&H. The receptionist would also, on occasion, adminis- ter customer questionnaires that dealt with customer service satisfaction as well as desired additional services. Ms. Matthews was sorely tempted to take this job because the receptionist reported directly to Mr. Blake; Ms. Sutton would be out of her reporting loop. She quickly let go of the notion, though, since she would be devolving in terms of her career and personal development, not growing.
This is when she realized, after being with the firm for nearly a year, that by staying at H&H she was starting to compromise her work ethic—her values of always striving to achieve and working to the best of one’s ability. Ms. Matthews also found out that she was not the only one feeling less motivated and interested. Both Ms. Johnson and Mr. Hayes confided to her that they felt the same way but never said anything to Ms. Sutton or Mr. Blake.
With all this negativity surrounding her work life, the decision to leave was still a difficult one to make. The company had some great employees in her department that made it fun to come to work every day. Since everybody was about the same age, people got along well. Ms. Matthews also liked the relatively laid-back environment in the department and the flexibility of hours the job offered,especially considering that she was now in graduate school.However,Ms.Matthews was not sure if that was enough;after 11 months of working at H&H she wondered if it was worth it for her to continue working there .On the one hand,Ms.Matthews knew that she had no future at the company.She was pursuing her MBA, and she now knew that that would not make a difference for her future at H&H. Ms.Matthews wondered, “What is the point in spending money and time to get a graduate degree if it is never going to be appreciated or add value to my career at H&H?Should  I stay at a place where there was no chance for growth and no value given my curiosity and desire to learn?At the same time,is it a bad decision to try to change jobs right now considering the down turned economic climate,my need for a flexible schedule for graduate school, and my financial responsibilities? Should I stay simply for the money and my flexible schedule?” Ms. Matthews realized that she had an important decision to make, and she had to make it soon before she became completely unmotivated.

Recently there were a few large takedowns of child-pornography networks in Canada. Pick one and discuss who the members were, how they established trust and communicated amongst each other. Focus on the specific methods employed by them to hide their activities, and how law-enforcement was able to break into the network and collect enough evidence in order to take them down. Review the literature on police operations against child pornography, and situate the specific attack you chose within that literature. How does this attack compare to others reported in the scientific literature?